Chinese President Xi Jinping welcomed Russian President Vladimir Putin to Beijing this week in a high-profile diplomatic visit aimed at reinforcing the strategic alliance between China and Russia amid mounting global tensions and increasing pressure on Moscow over the war in Ukraine.
Putin’s two-day visit to China, his 25th as Russian president, comes just days after U.S. President Donald Trump completed a state visit to Beijing focused on improving relations between the world’s two largest economies. While Trump’s trip centered on stabilizing U.S.-China ties, Putin’s visit is widely viewed as an effort to reassure one of China’s closest geopolitical partners during a difficult period for the Kremlin.
Ahead of the visit, Putin described Russia-China relations as having reached an “unprecedented level” and pledged that both countries would continue working “hand in hand” to deepen their strategic partnership and strengthen long-standing ties.
Chinese and Russian officials confirmed that the leaders would discuss economic cooperation, regional security, and major international issues, including the ongoing war in Ukraine and growing tensions involving Taiwan and the United States.
The visit also marks the 25th anniversary of the Sino-Russian Treaty of Friendship, with Xi expected to host Putin at the Great Hall of the People and later attend a gala reception celebrating the milestone partnership.
Analysts say Beijing is eager to project stability and maintain strong ties with Moscow, even as relations with Washington appear to be improving following Trump’s visit. During Trump’s stay in Beijing, Xi emphasized that the United States and China should be “partners, not rivals,” while both sides agreed to pursue what they described as a “constructive relationship of strategic stability.”
Despite signs of warmer U.S.-China diplomacy, experts believe Beijing does not want Russia to feel isolated or abandoned. Observers say maintaining a strong alliance with Moscow remains strategically important for China as global power competition intensifies.
Putin arrives in China at a difficult time domestically and militarily. Ukraine has intensified drone strikes deep inside Russian territory, including attacks near Moscow, while peace negotiations remain stalled. Reports also suggest growing public frustration in Russia over the economic and social impact of the prolonged war.
Recent polling by Russian state agencies reportedly showed Putin’s approval rating dropping to its lowest level since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine began in 2022, signaling rare signs of internal political pressure on the Kremlin.
China has continued to support Russia economically and diplomatically throughout the conflict, becoming Moscow’s largest trading partner and a major buyer of Russian oil and gas. Russian officials said energy exports to China rose significantly during the first quarter of the year, helping offset the impact of Western sanctions.
At the same time, analysts note that Beijing may benefit strategically from a weakened Russia that remains dependent on Chinese trade and investment. China has also expanded its economic interests in the Arctic and other resource-rich regions traditionally dominated by Moscow.
Taiwan is also expected to feature prominently in discussions between Xi and Putin. China considers Taiwan part of its territory, while the self-governing island continues to rely heavily on U.S. military and diplomatic support.
Recent comments by Trump suggesting that a proposed U.S. arms package for Taiwan could become part of broader negotiations with China have sparked concern among supporters of Taiwan and raised questions about future American commitments in the Indo-Pacific region.
The Putin-Xi summit highlights the increasingly close alignment between China and Russia as both countries seek to counter Western influence and reshape the global balance of power during a period of heightened geopolitical uncertainty.