Tag: Black History

  • Clarence B. Jones, Martin Luther King Jr.’s Speechwriter and Civil Rights Adviser, Dies at 95

    Clarence B. Jones, Martin Luther King Jr.’s Speechwriter and Civil Rights Adviser, Dies at 95

    Clarence B. Jones, the renowned civil rights attorney, speechwriter, and close adviser to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. who helped draft the historic “I Have A Dream” speech, has died at the age of 95.

    Jones passed away Friday at a senior living community in Cupertino, California, surrounded by family, according to a statement released Tuesday.

    “Our father lived a life of conscience,” the family said. “He believed, until his final days, that an idea is more powerful than the march of any army.”

    Jones played a pivotal role in some of the most defining moments of the American Civil Rights Movement. As King’s personal attorney and trusted confidante, he helped shape many of the speeches and strategies that transformed the fight for racial equality in the United States.

    He is widely recognized for assisting in the writing of King’s iconic “I Have A Dream” speech delivered during the 1963 March on Washington, one of the most influential speeches in modern history.

    Jones also helped secretly smuggle pages of King’s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” out of prison during King’s incarceration in Alabama, ensuring the powerful message reached the public.

    In addition, he collaborated with King on the landmark 1967 anti-war speech “Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence,” where the civil rights leader strongly condemned the Vietnam War and criticized US militarism.

    Born on January 8, 1931, in Philadelphia, Jones grew up in a working-class family whose parents were domestic workers for a wealthy Quaker family in New Jersey. His talent for writing and public speaking emerged early, especially after delivering a graduation speech in 1949 focused on breaking racial barriers.

    Jones later graduated from Columbia University and earned a law degree from Boston University after serving in the US Army.

    His relationship with Martin Luther King Jr. began in 1960 when King recruited him to join his legal team during a tax evasion case in Alabama. Jones left a successful entertainment law career in California and relocated to New York to work full-time alongside King and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference.

    Jones also served on the legal team involved in the historic 1964 US Supreme Court case New York Times v. Sullivan, which strengthened protections for press freedom in America.

    Following King’s assassination in 1968, Jones transitioned into finance and became the first Black American designated as an allied member of the New York Stock Exchange.

    In later years, he devoted himself to education and activism. He joined the University of San Francisco faculty in 2012, teaching courses on civil rights history and social justice. In 2018, he co-founded the Institute for Nonviolence and Social Justice and later became a scholar-in-residence at Stanford University’s Martin Luther King Jr. Research and Education Institute.

    Jones published his memoir, “Last of the Lions: An African American Journey in Memoir,” in 2023, reflecting on his life alongside King and the Civil Rights Movement.

    In 2024, then-President Joe Biden awarded Jones the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor in the United States.

    That same year, Jones appeared alongside Golden State Warriors star Stephen Curry at a San Francisco Giants baseball game, where they jointly threw out the ceremonial first pitch. Curry also co-produced a documentary about Jones titled “The Baddest Speechwriter of All,” which earned recognition at the Sundance Film Festival and is expected to stream on Netflix later this year.

    Jones is survived by his five children and longtime partner, Lin Walters.

    Funeral arrangements and plans for a public celebration of life are expected to be announced in the coming days.

  • Visitors Uncover Black Brazilian Past of Sao Paulo’s Japanese Neighborhood

    woman standing near brown pole

    São Paulo’s Liberdade neighborhood is renowned for its Asian-style architecture, restaurants, and public lighting resembling paper lanterns. Home to the largest Japanese community outside Japan, thousands of tourists flock to enjoy the area’s cuisine and culture, often unaware of its Black history.

    The name “Liberdade” (liberty in English) is linked to Chaguinhas, a formerly enslaved Black soldier sentenced to death in 1821 after leading a protest for better wages. Spectators at his execution called for his “liberty.”

    “When people see the neighborhood, there is another history being told,” said Debora Pinheiro, a guide on a tour attended by Reuters. “The Japanese arrived in the early 20th century and started a process of gentrification. But the Black presence is still huge.”

    Afrotourism, focusing on Black history, is growing in Brazil. Guia Negro, founded in 2018, disseminates overlooked history and offers tours in 22 cities, including Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo. In 2023, the tourism agency began promoting businesses in addition to tourism. Pequena Africa (Little Africa) in Rio had more visitors than Christ the Redeemer or Sugar Loaf Mountain, according to the Rio mayor’s office.

    Despite not being known as the “Blackest city outside of Africa” like Salvador or Little Africa in Rio, São Paulo has the largest population of Black people in Brazil in absolute numbers. Black American tourists frequently choose Brazil for its welcoming atmosphere. “Brazil made me feel like a Black queen,” said Dr. Chanel Adrian Clifton, a tour participant.

    Guilherme Soares Dias, founder of Guia Negro, created the organization after experiencing frequent racial profiling abroad. “I wanted to create a platform to encourage more Black people to travel and for everyone to learn more about Black history and culture,” he said. Guia Negro emphasizes history education to combat prejudice.

    In October 2020, police officers, alerted by social media posts about a “Black march,” questioned, filmed, and followed the organizers for three hours, suspecting the paid tour was a protest. In April 2024, a judge ordered São Paulo State to pay 750 thousand reais ($138 thousand) to Guia Negro for “moral collective damage and discriminatory action, with clear outlines of institutional racism.

    Source: reuters